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Chemistry Forums for Students => Organic Chemistry Forum => Topic started by: THECapedCaper on October 16, 2012, 12:47:27 PM

Title: Determining Chrial Centers
Post by: THECapedCaper on October 16, 2012, 12:47:27 PM
I have a little confusion as to what determines a chiral center in the larger molecules, namely hydrocodone.

(https://www.chemicalforums.com/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fupload.wikimedia.org%2Fwikipedia%2Fcommons%2Fc%2Fcc%2FHydrocodone.svg&hash=68197461fb11b7484ccf15b47c856ae06ff0665d)

As far as I can tell, anything that is a CH2 or CH3 cannot be considered chiral, but do C=O or C=C bonds fall under the same category because they're not bonded to four groups? What are the chiral centers of hydrocodone?
Title: Re: Determining Chrial Centers
Post by: discodermolide on October 16, 2012, 12:51:52 PM
C=O and C=C bonds cannot be chiral.
In your molecule there seem to be 4 chiral centers.
Simply put the same criteria apply for simple and complex molecules, 4 different substituents and non-superimposable on it's mirror image.
Title: Re: Determining Chrial Centers
Post by: curiouscat on October 16, 2012, 01:10:42 PM
C=O and C=C bonds cannot be chiral.
In your molecule there seem to be 4 chiral centers.
Simply put the same criteria apply for simple and complex molecules, 4 different substituents and non-superimposable on it's mirror image.

Silly question: Why isn't this (see below) atom considered chiral? Even accounting for resonance aren't there essentially four different substituents?

(https://www.chemicalforums.com/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fi.imgur.com%2Fv3Zlv.png&hash=bd09aa6b26bcd393850caad48c8639aa1cfe1ac9)
Title: Re: Determining Chrial Centers
Post by: THECapedCaper on October 16, 2012, 01:14:18 PM
So, then these four carbons would be the chiral centers (marked with red stars)?

(https://www.chemicalforums.com/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fi.imgur.com%2FDExPe.png&hash=c8427fdb4d8565d0955a1df1cc49030fc8842b06)

In that case, we have 16 stereoisomers (2^n) and 14 diasteroisomers (2^n - 2), correct?
Title: Re: Determining Chrial Centers
Post by: discodermolide on October 16, 2012, 01:14:44 PM
There are not 4 different substituents on that carbon atom. It's part of a phenyl ring. The double bonds are not static as you said.
Title: Re: Determining Chrial Centers
Post by: discodermolide on October 16, 2012, 01:15:55 PM
Yes, that is correct.
Title: Re: Determining Chrial Centers
Post by: curiouscat on October 16, 2012, 01:18:42 PM
There are not 4 different substituents on that carbon atom. It's part of a phenyl ring. The double bonds are not static as you said.

I see. Thanks!

Would that position (red box) become a Chiral Centre if I, say, brominated it there?  {Bet it can't be done! But who knows! You wizards have all kinds of synthetic magic up you sleeves!  ;D }
Title: Re: Determining Chrial Centers
Post by: discodermolide on October 16, 2012, 01:21:10 PM
Well assuming you could brominate there then it would give a new chiral centre.
Title: Re: Determining Chrial Centers
Post by: curiouscat on October 16, 2012, 01:24:02 PM
Well assuming you could brominate there then it would give a new chiral centre.

Thanks again!
Title: Re: Determining Chrial Centers
Post by: fledarmus on October 16, 2012, 01:35:36 PM
So, then these four carbons would be the chiral centers (marked with red stars)?

(https://www.chemicalforums.com/proxy.php?request=http%3A%2F%2Fi.imgur.com%2FDExPe.png&hash=c8427fdb4d8565d0955a1df1cc49030fc8842b06)

In that case, we have 16 stereoisomers (2^n) and 14 diasteroisomers (2^n - 2), correct?

Not really - build some models. Having ring structures will restrict the total number of possible stereoisomers. You will find that certain combinations of R and S just won't be possible to get the atoms to line up.