[Babcock_Hall]

We have performed this reaction to make vinyl sulfones or acrylamides about 25 times , with 0.0-0.2 mole excess phosphonate over aldehyde.  In a few cases we see the starting phosphonate by H-1 and C-13 NMR (it is easily identified by the signals which couple to P-31) in the purified product, suggesting co-elution during chromatography.  We made a new vinyl sulfone a few weeks ago, and the percentage of phosphonate was much higher than I had seen in other reactions.  We are performing the resynthesis (the present reaction) with no excess phosphonate.  This is the first time that I  tried P-31 to check for completeness.  In our hands mixtures of EtOAc/hexanes, acetone/hexanes, DCM/ethanol, and DCM/iPrOH have all failed to separate the phosphonate from our impure product standard from the first synthesis.

Because the starting phosphonate (P-31 chemical shift of 11.7 ppm in CDCl3) cannot yet be separated from the product by TLC or by silica chromatography, I decided to use P-31 NMR to gauge the completion of the reaction. I used d₆-DMSO, and I expected that the product, diethyl phosphate, should be near 0-5 ppm. After the the reaction had run for three hours, which is longer than we sometimes use, I took the P-31 spectrum. I saw a peak near 22.6 ppm and one near -0.77 ppm; their integrals were nearly 1:1. I have not check my reference books, but -0.77 ppm sounds reasonable for diethyl phosphate, but identity of the compound giving rise to the peak at 22.6 ppm has me stumped (the difference between the two peaks is over 2700 Hz). I took another time point using chloroform as the solvent, but I did not see any signal (I did see a hazy precipitate) I do not know how to interpret the DMSO spectrum in terms of completion of our reaction.  The spectra were of the crude reaction mixture in acetonitrile.  I attempted another P-31 experiment in CDCl₃, but a hazy precipitate developed, and I did not observe any P-31 signal (perhaps the phosphorus-containing compound(s) precipitated).

[Babcock_Hall]

The P-31 signal near -0.7 ppm is a pentet, as expected.  The signal near 22 ppm is at least a pentet, but the S/N of the outer peaks is weak.  I plan to check the starting materials next.

[Babcock_Hall]

The starting materials look exactly as expected.  There is only one signal in the P-31 NMR spectrum of the phosphonate, and it is near 11.7 ppm.  The aldehyde looks like a spectrum from a database.

[rolnor]

Is it not simply cis/trans isomers?

[Babcock_Hall]

It would have to be cis/trans isomers of some phosphorus containing species, and I cannot picture what they might be.  We are proceeding with the synthesis.

[rolnor]

ok so you dont have phosphorous in the product, sorry. could it be that the reaction stops half-way? At the betaine? or sec. alcohol? if you heat a little it might go to completion I think CDCl3 can react with the basic reagents/phosphonate