U, H, S, A, and G are state functions which means that ΔU, ΔH, etc. are all path independent. Therefore, a reversible path will have the same ΔU, ΔH, etc. as an irreversible path with the same starting and ending points. So, in order to calculate these values for the irreversible process, all you need to do is to build a reversible path between the two states, then calculate these quantities for the reversible path.