[lateralus01]

So I have a chemistry test tomorrow and well there's a small problem, our teacher doesn't know how to teach.  If she did I really wouldn't need any help because I have a 4.0 gpa but not acing this test could be a really bad thing.  Everything you tell me will not be soon forgotten so please don't think your just doing all the work for some kid who doesn't work himself.  As I ask these questions i will be reading as much of my textbook as i can.  The idea is to get a better understanding of the subject with your much appreciated help than is "required" so that i am guaranteed to ace the test.

So here's my study guide I'll fill in what i know and if you would be so kind as to correct me and fill in anything you think might be important i would really really appreciate it.

The first part is on Ionic, Covalent and Metallic Bonds and we need to know how they form, and their characteristics.

Ionic:
-Occur between Metals and Non-Metals
-One electron  ***or more maybe?*** from the atom with the smaller atomic number is given to the other atom, giving each atom an opposite charge (the one with the extra electron is negative and the one missing the electron is positive) this charge further attracts the two atoms making this a very strong bond.

Properties:
-Brittle
-form crystal lattice solid (not quite sure what that means)
-soluble in H2O
-High Melting Point
-Conduct Electricity (when dissolved)
-High Boiling Point

Covalent Bonds:
-Occur between non-metals and non-metals
-Form when two non-metals bond to complete the octet rule?

Properties:
-Low Melting Point
-Non-conductor
-Soluble in non-polar liquid (H2O is out then, perhaps Ethanol?)

Metallic Bonding:
I don't really know much about this type of bonding as we spent very little time talking about it

Ok then we need to know about polyatomic ions which i know are two or more covalently bonded atoms that form an ion.
HOW DOES THIS HAPPEN?

Anion - Ion with negative charge
Cation - Ion with positive charge

Electronegativity - how much an atom "wants" electrons - florine has the highest

to determine polarity if the difference between the electronegativities of the atoms in the molecule is less than 0.3 it is a non-polar covalent bond if it's greater than 1.7 it is a Ionic bond and in between is a polar-covalent bond.

Intermolecular forces happen outside the molecule
-Hydrogen bonding (I really don't know anything about this)
-Van Der Waals (Nor do i know anything about this)

Intramolecular forces happen inside the molecule

factors that determine polarity are electronegativity and the shape of the molecule

sp, sp2, sp3 "hybrid" orbitals - how do they form (I don't know)


To answer these questions i am going to read the text book for a few hours and write down anything i think is relevant but if you could fill in some of my blanks and throw in a few things you think i should know i would really really appreciate your help.

again thank you,
lateralus

[onenameless]

Metallic Bonding is pretty much when the atoms "float" in a sea type manner, sharing their charges as the electrons move freely around the neucleus'