I heard about this years (decades) ago from my chem teacher and still I have not heard a conclusive answer. Some ideas:
1) the purity of the gold is important - the lower the quantity of gold, the more likely black lines will occur
the gold used in ring are alloys(gold is too soft, so another metal is added for strength) - in a sense a mixture - a homogenous mixture of gold and other metals
- 14 Karat gold is 58.3 % gold and the rest is silver
Other metals can be mixed to give different colors - nickel and palladium can be used for white gold,
-copper - a deeper gold or pink tones
-silver - gives more of a green tint to the gold
Since there are these different metals, the salts could react with one of them producing the color change.
2) Salts on human skin vary, so this could account for the inconsistent results on people (not all women get lines). Now as far as women getting lines and men not; they are different, but are their skin's salt really that different. Except for the "Secret" add, there's not a 100% answer on the pH of a women's skin (it varies).
3) Some suggest is could be an hypersensitivity - an immune response to an antigen - or there could be contact dermatitis. I don't think this is right, because that would be a red mark, not black.
4) makeup - it happens on women who don't wear makeup
5) natural flora of one's skin - the microbes living on the skin could cause this reaction
6) women having an extra layer of fat, when rubbing the ring on the female, her skin will show a pressure mark for a longer period of time compared to a male, maybe making the mark look darker than a males mark
These are all of the comments I've heard over the years, I believe it has to do with 1 and 2. Silver nitrate solution is clear, when sprayed on skin it darkens the skin cells. Since 10 Karat Gold has a more pronounced mark, a greater amount of silver is necessary. I believe it reacts with the skin salts forming a "light sensitive" or dark precipatate.
All the above information is all best guess. I walked around today rubbing women's faces (including my wife's) with different rings, the only things that were conclusive -
A) not all women's faces got marks
B) none of the male's faces got marks
C) I angered everyone -
I guess I rubbed them the wrong way
savoy o