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Topic: Stability of t-butyl esters  (Read 2655 times)

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Offline Lynda92

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Stability of t-butyl esters
« on: February 18, 2014, 01:43:54 PM »
Can t-butyl esters be cleaved using acetic acid? How stable are they in these acids?

Offline TheUnassuming

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Re: Stability of t-butyl esters
« Reply #1 on: February 18, 2014, 02:07:15 PM »
It probably depends on the exact t-butyl ester.
Personally I've seen acetic acid cleave t-butyl esters when I wasn't careful enough stripping solvent after running a column with 1% AcOH.
Are you trying to cleave a t-butyl ester or trying to keep it on? 
When in doubt, avoid the Stille coupling.

Offline Lynda92

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Re: Stability of t-butyl esters
« Reply #2 on: February 18, 2014, 03:09:08 PM »
It probably depends on the exact t-butyl ester.
Personally I've seen acetic acid cleave t-butyl esters when I wasn't careful enough stripping solvent after running a column with 1% AcOH.
Are you trying to cleave a t-butyl ester or trying to keep it on?


I'm having the exact same problem as you have stated. I'm trying to keep the t-butyl on but I did  a reaction where I had to column with DCM/MeOH/AcOH with the AcOH at 1% percent. I didn't get all the AcOH off my collected fractions until the next day.The nmr shows a small peak next to my t-butyl peak could this explain this posibility?This small peak wasn't in my starting material

Offline PhDoc

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Re: Stability of t-butyl esters
« Reply #3 on: February 18, 2014, 05:57:11 PM »
Is the t-butyl ester a necessary functionality, or is it a protective group? Do you really need the HOAc for the separation? Do you have a picture of your compound?
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Offline TheUnassuming

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Re: Stability of t-butyl esters
« Reply #4 on: February 18, 2014, 06:21:48 PM »
The solution for me was simply never to let it get concentrated with AcOH.  So when you collect your fractions, dilute the solution with a good amount of toluene(~1ml toluene:2ml fraction volume).  When you rotovap it down, the toluene will azeotrope the AcOH so it will never get concentrated enough to cause decomposition. 
When in doubt, avoid the Stille coupling.

Offline PhDoc

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Re: Stability of t-butyl esters
« Reply #5 on: February 18, 2014, 08:21:10 PM »
Lynda, I know toluene is a suggested solvent, however the azeotrope is HOAc:PhMe of 38:62, meaning that your solution will become concentrated with HOAc at some point. Also, the boiling point of PhMe is 110C, hence many students heat the solution at ~45C using a rotary evaporator. Heptane boils at 90C, and gives an azeotrope HOAc:Hept of 33:67.

If you're convinced the heat is not the issue, then you may want to try using dioxane, azeotrope HOAc:Diox of 83:17. I had an acetic acid issue once, and when I turned to dioxane, never again.

I hope this helps.

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