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Topic: Chemical shift in NMR of 1°, 2° and 3° H atoms  (Read 3472 times)

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Offline Rutherford

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Chemical shift in NMR of 1°, 2° and 3° H atoms
« on: August 08, 2013, 05:36:50 AM »
Why do the chemical shifts have a increasing value of ppm in the following sequence:
R-CH3, R-CH2-R, R2-CH-R?

What phenomenon explains this?
I thought that alkyl groups are electron pushing so the shielding effect should increase in the sequence, and ppm should decrease.

Offline Archer

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Re: Chemical shift in NMR of 1°, 2° and 3° H atoms
« Reply #1 on: August 08, 2013, 06:59:43 AM »
Carbon is more electronegative than hydrogen, more Carbons = more desheilding of the remaining proton(s)
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Offline Rutherford

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Re: Chemical shift in NMR of 1°, 2° and 3° H atoms
« Reply #2 on: August 08, 2013, 07:24:39 AM »
But use for example propane.

The two CH3- groups should be electron pushing towards the CH2- group, so according to the inductive effect it should be like this:

H3 :rarrow: C :rarrow: CH2  :larrow: C :larrow: H3

and in the CH2 group, it is: H :larrow::rarrow: H, thus the shielding effect increases. Where am I wrong?

Offline Archer

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Re: Chemical shift in NMR of 1°, 2° and 3° H atoms
« Reply #3 on: April 24, 2014, 12:32:09 PM »
Please see the following thread for what I believe is the correct reason for this phenomenon:

http://www.chemicalforums.com/index.php?topic=74630.msg270830#msg270830

This is discussing 13C NMR but it also applies to 1H deshielding by alkyl substituents.
« Last Edit: April 24, 2014, 12:44:32 PM by Borek »
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