Your laser has supposedly one single fixed wavelength, for instance invisible 1064nm for YAG. If some paints absorb it badly, you could add a pigment to improve that, well chosen to leave the absorption of visible wavelengths untouched. It would be better if said pigment keeps absorbing the wavelength when hot, which suggests a mineral pigment more than an organic dye.
After a too short Internet search, apparently these lasers destroy the paint layer mechanically, where heat produces a pressure wave. You might add compounds that expand at heat as they sublime. I'd stay away from a reaction triggered by heat, as it would happen in a fire too. If you modify your paint to pulverize at heat, please re-check its fire behaviour.
Besides the paint composition, maybe the laser scanning speed or pattern can be optimized. Many small light spots, spaced by one paint thickness, could act better than a single big one.