I can't see you ceramic hob from here, but I'd expect the roughness of the surface isn't a pitting, or other loss of material. Instaed, I think some burnt sugar has crusted there, and you're just assuming you've gotten it all off and you're looking at pitted ceramic. The same thing happens at mom's house, sometimes the ceramic cooktop gets crusted with burnt milk, or marmalade sugar, or even ordinary dirt. We scrub it with the proprietary scrubbing compound and it's like new again. But that burnt crust can look pretty thin, and still be there.
Or maybe the hot sugar cracked the glass. But that shouldn't happen, if it was to be used for that purpose.