[keiha]

The Laws of Thermodynamics were developed in the 1800s while engineering steam engines. Thermodynamics (aka Heat Dynamics) is the study of transferring heat into useful work.

Entropy is q/T or heat divided by Temperature. So the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics relates to entropy and applies to heat engines only.

Is all of energy heat-related? No, of course not. Translational positioning is one example of non-heat related energy.

Unfortunately, Thermodynamics seems to be studied and taught as applicable to all sources of energy.

[majorjp]

Thermodynamics is at the base of physics ranging from the fundamental particles to the entire universe. It explains the method of unfavorable reactions and the formation of complex systems namely due to the 2nd law of thermodynamics. To put it simply thermodynamics is understated. True the equating of energy to heat in all aspects in not necessarily correct, heat can be equated to energy in motion, not all types of energy but most.