If you take the pH outside of (about) 1 pH unit from the pKa, then you no longer have a buffer, no matte how you get there. I don't know, offhand, the pKa of [carbonate], this is kinda hard to know ... since the reaction produces CO2 gas, if any escapes the solution, the concentration changes, altering pH. Living things use a carbonate buffer system, but they have a way to control dissolved CO2.