Re #4
I think I know what the compound is, but I sort of cheated in figuring it out. That shouldn't be a great mystery, but let’s look at what we might know. There are nine peaks in the 13C-NMR, so there isn't any symmetry. In the 1H-NMR, there are three CH3 groups, two of which do not have an adjacent hydrogen, C(CH3)2. There is a CH3 doublet, so a CH3CH. The low field peak is a CHOH. C9 - C6 = C3, H18 - H12 = H6. The remaining six hydrogens are on three carbons, 3 x CH2. You could decide the C(CH3)2 is not adjacent to the CHOH. It seems likely two CH2 groups are adjacent to the CHOH. That leaves four compounds, can you draw the four possible structures?