[Rosaniline]

1.why para-nitro aniline is more basic than meta-nitro aniline?
2.when occuring sulfonation reaction in aniline,why para product is largerly produced(95%) than ortho product(5%)?
Tried a lot but coudn't manage to solve them.

[sjb]

1.why para-nitro aniline is more basic than meta-nitro aniline?
2.when occuring sulfonation reaction in aniline,why para product is largerly produced(95%) than ortho product(5%)?
Tried a lot but coudn't manage to solve them.

1. What does more basic _mean_ ?
2. What factors affect reaction outcomes?

[Rosaniline]

1.I meant more alkaline.
2.under general condition of sulfonation reaction- adding concentrated sulfuric acid,an electrophillic substitution.

[orgopete]

1. I suggest drawing resonance structures of the anilines to see if the electrons experience different regions to which they may be pulled towards.

2. A similar question was asked about the nitration of toluene and I didn't know that answer either. I could guess an effect many chemists might suggest though.

[Rosaniline]

yes,yes-nitration of toluene,that's another example.I also know it but I thought solving this question would also give me some ideas about that.but i need that answer.now what should I do?should I ask the moderator about that?