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Topic: Naming products in organic reactions (acetals and esters)  (Read 3561 times)

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Offline schafer

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Naming products in organic reactions (acetals and esters)
« on: December 09, 2014, 02:22:48 PM »
Hello again,

I am practicing organic reaction, and came across this:
Butanol + methanol --> (blank) + methanol --> (blank 2)
I understand the reactions here and how to draw them, and I know that the first reaction will result in hemiacetal, and the second in acetal.
My questions are:
what are the rules for naming products that are hemiacetal/acetals?
how do I write the chemical formula of the products?

I also have the same problem when the reaction of alcohol and carboxylic acid. I know the result is a compound with an ester bond, but I dont know how to name it or write the chemical formula.
For example: Propanoic acid (CH3CH2COOH) + ethanol (CH3CH2OH)

Thanks a lot!

Offline Dan

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Re: Naming products in organic reactions (acetals and esters)
« Reply #1 on: December 09, 2014, 03:02:21 PM »
I am practicing organic reaction, and came across this:
Butanol + methanol --> (blank) + methanol --> (blank 2)
I understand the reactions here and how to draw them, and I know that the first reaction will result in hemiacetal, and the second in acetal.

Butanol + methanol will not give an acetal or hemiacetal. Do you mean butanal?

Forum policy is that you need to show your attempts at these questions (see forum rules).

Some links to get you started:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_formula
http://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/WebContent/orgnom/index.html
My research: Google Scholar and Researchgate

Offline schafer

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Re: Naming products in organic reactions (acetals and esters)
« Reply #2 on: December 09, 2014, 03:55:11 PM »
Hello,

Yes, I meant butanal, my mistake.
I know the site you linked to, unfortunately I didn't find acetal there...

I don't know how to show my attempts here, since I can't draw the final product.
You mean write the formulas?
CH3CH2CH2CHO + CH3OH --> CH3CH2CH2CHOHOCH3 (?)

Offline Dan

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Re: Naming products in organic reactions (acetals and esters)
« Reply #3 on: December 09, 2014, 04:28:36 PM »
I understand the reactions here and how to draw them

I can't draw the final product.

I don't understand - can you draw them or not?

Quote
CH3CH2CH2CHO + CH3OH --> CH3CH2CH2CHOHOCH3 (?)

Basically fine, but at branch points you should indicate a branching substituent with brackets:

i.e. CH3CH2CH2CH(OH)OCH3 or CH3CH2CH2CH(OCH3)OH
is this:   CCCC(O)OC

Re: naming esters - I provided a link and there are plenty of tutorials online - have a go yourself and we can take it from there.

Re: naming acetals - fist hit on google for "naming acetals": http://www.acdlabs.com/iupac/nomenclature/93/r93_460.htm - have a go yourself and we can take it from there.
My research: Google Scholar and Researchgate

Offline schafer

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Re: Naming products in organic reactions (acetals and esters)
« Reply #4 on: December 10, 2014, 02:11:45 PM »
Thanks a lot dan!

Quote
I don't understand - can you draw them or not?
It was late, did a mistake. What I meant was I can't name them.

I went over the links, very helpful.

However, I still have a question about writing the chemical formulas in case of  acetals.
For example:
If I have a reaction of butanal+propanol---> butanal propyl hemiacetal... + propanol (again) ---> butanal dipropyl acetal
( I hope I got that right)
The final formula will consist of two branches. Will it be written:
CH3CH2CH2CH(OCH2CH2CH3)OCH2CH2CH3 ?
Thanks again!


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