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Topic: Do sp3 hybridsed lone pair exist ??  (Read 1699 times)

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Offline AdiDex

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Do sp3 hybridsed lone pair exist ??
« on: March 25, 2016, 04:51:06 PM »
I recently read that hybridization is just like a operation which is done to get knowledge about the shape of molecule . It has nothing to do with reality

("all bonding theories, orbital hybridization is a model, and should not be taken to be a real phenomenon." Alan G.Sharpe Inorganic chemistry page no. 100 )

I've seen a illustration of CH4 molecule , actually how carbon is bonded to 4 Hydrogen atoms  .[shown in attached picture]

But I am confused about how it will look for H2O molecule ?? as there are 2 lone pairs , say one in s orbital and other one p orbital .
Then how all overlappings will take place ?? As s orbital will not participate in overlaping as it is already filled .

Is it ok to say that two lone pairs are in SP3 hybridised obritals ??
Is it all about where is the highest electron density (lone pairs) ??

Is it true I am confused because of my previous knowledge of bonding ("overlapping")??

Offline AWK

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Re: Do sp3 hybridsed lone pair exist ??
« Reply #1 on: March 25, 2016, 05:09:30 PM »
Each orbital, hybridized or not has room for two electrons.
I, doing X-ray crystallography, in which X-ray are difracted on electrons, very often can see these electrons (not directly - after calculations), as electron density about 0.6 Angstroem (60 pm) from oxygen in two positions.
AWK

Offline Enthalpy

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Re: Do sp3 hybridsed lone pair exist ??
« Reply #2 on: March 26, 2016, 04:35:59 PM »
[In H2O] s orbital will not participate in overlaping as it is already filled.

But in CH4 it does.

As soon as the nuclei are close enough (say, as compared with the radii of atomic orbitals) overlapping takes place. It creates bonding and antibonding molecular orbitals; already full atomic orbitals can imply that the electrons will fill the antibonding molecular orbital too, and the net effect may be energetically defavourable - but it can happen if, for instance, other electrons keep the nuclei together.

One detail more: your book shows slim 2p orbitals. Don't be fooled. They are very thick.

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