Good luck to find mechanical data for adhesives... One difficulty is that the bond breaks at the interface, not at within the glue, so the shear strength is not a property of the adhesive itself. It depends on the other materials, and fundamentally on how well they were glued, including how clean. Adhesive manufacturers don't want to provide data for conditions independent of their product.
Did you already try to evaluate the shear stress in the glue interface? Steel rarely exceeds 1% strain, polyethylene is highly deformable, so shear stress in the glue layer should be very small.
The general trend for glued assemblies is like with elastomers: don't try to compute, refer instead to expert knowledge, and experiment. Except that you won't experiment ageing.
If you need provable reliable long-term function, don't glue. Engrave markings on the surface, rivet a plate...