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Topic: Negative Induction effect with respect to Electron Deficiency  (Read 3093 times)

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Offline IndianKemistryHater

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Negative Induction effect with respect to Electron Deficiency
« on: February 08, 2024, 02:43:02 AM »
I am pretty weak at Chem, so forgive me for thenstupid question.
I am really confused that whether an Electron Deficient Species(a Cation), shows more negative I effect than an anion? If its true, it would mean that Electronegative Species will show lesser - I effect,but thats not true right? So Anions should show more -I effect than Cations? A teacher told us that Cations will attract more and show -I effect because it already has a deficient of electrons?
(Another apology for stupid question and bad english, i will be really grateful if someone can help me with this :) 

Offline Hunter2

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Re: Negative Induction effect with respect to Electron Deficiency
« Reply #1 on: February 19, 2024, 06:09:04 AM »
The inductive I and also mesomer M effect is used in organic covalent bonded molecules, not in ionic bonded compounds like salts.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inductive_effect

Atoms that have an electron-withdrawing effect have the −I effect.  This is usually caused by high electronegativity or a positive charge.  Strongly electronegative particles attract electrons particularly strongly.

Particles that have an electron-pushing effect have a +I effect.  This happens e.g.  B. if the particle is negatively charged or has a low electronegativity.  The +I effect can also be observed in the formation of hybrid orbitals, e.g.  B. the methyl group CH3 donates electrons, even if this is not obvious due to the C–C single bond.

So in case of ionic bonds its difficult to say. A anion has normaly a high electronegativity, but also a negative charge. For a cathion its opposit.


« Last Edit: February 19, 2024, 06:22:34 AM by Hunter2 »

einsbuzzing

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Re: Negative Induction effect with respect to Electron Deficiency
« Reply #2 on: May 31, 2024, 12:17:23 AM »
The inductive I and also mesomer M effect is used in organic covalent bonded molecules, not in ionic bonded compounds like salts.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inductive_effect
Atoms that have an electron-withdrawing effect have the −I effect.  This is usually caused by high electronegativity or a positive charge.  Strongly electronegative particles attract electrons particularly strongly.

Particles that have an electron-pushing effect have a +I effect.  This happens e.g.  B. if the particle is negatively charged or has a low electronegativity.  The +I effect can also be observed in the formation of hybrid orbitals, e.g.  B. the methyl group CH3 donates electrons, even if this is not obvious due to the C–C single bond.

So in case of ionic bonds its difficult to say. A anion has normaly a high electronegativity, but also a negative charge. For a cathion its opposit.
[/quote]

What is the impact of I on Cations? A professor informed us that cations exhibit a greater propensity for attraction and the -I effect due to their electron deficiency.
« Last Edit: May 31, 2024, 02:53:23 AM by Borek »

Offline rolnor

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Re: Negative Induction effect with respect to Electron Deficiency
« Reply #3 on: May 31, 2024, 02:23:59 AM »
I dont know how relevant this is, but aniline in its protonated form is much less reactive towards electrophiles than it is as free base. Also, phenol in its anionic form is much more reactive towards electrophiles than it is in its non-charged form

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