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Topic: Why are alkyl azides non-nucleophilic?  (Read 4913 times)

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Offline nj_bartel

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Why are alkyl azides non-nucleophilic?
« on: April 12, 2009, 10:02:55 PM »
I see the azide anion has a net negative charge, but the alkyl azide still has a formal negative charge and a lone pair attached to a linear chain.  Seems like it would be a pretty outstanding nucleophile to me.

Offline Squirmy

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Re: Why are alkyl azides non-nucleophilic?
« Reply #1 on: April 12, 2009, 11:44:34 PM »
I believe the terminal nitrogen is still somewhat nucleophilic, just not nearly as much as in the anion.

I suspect if that nitrogen reacts with, say an alkyl halide, it's probably just a reversible process that favors starting material. That is unless some further, favorable process carries it forward

Offline 408

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Re: Why are alkyl azides non-nucleophilic?
« Reply #2 on: April 13, 2009, 01:10:48 AM »
If it acts as a straight up Nu...would have to form a salt..

It can act as a Nu in situations where the resultant product is not cationic...look at the rxn of alkyl azides with alkyl cyanides giving tetrazoles...In such case aromatization can occur making for a nice thermodynamic driving force.

Offline nj_bartel

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Re: Why are alkyl azides non-nucleophilic?
« Reply #3 on: April 13, 2009, 06:12:59 PM »
Thank you!

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