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Topic: Question about choosing a solvent  (Read 3094 times)

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Offline mitchie

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Question about choosing a solvent
« on: July 28, 2012, 11:01:11 AM »
If I need to reflux a reaction but one of the reactants boils a few degrees before the solvent I want to use (based on cost/availability), will that be a problem? Or should I choose a solvent with a lower boiling point?

Offline discodermolide

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Re: Question about choosing a solvent
« Reply #1 on: July 28, 2012, 11:02:09 AM »
If I need to reflux a reaction but one of the reactants boils a few degrees before the solvent I want to use (based on cost/availability), will that be a problem? Or should I choose a solvent with a lower boiling point?

Why not use the reactant as the solvent, if it's not too expensive?
You can always recover the excess by distillation.

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Offline mitchie

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Re: Question about choosing a solvent
« Reply #2 on: July 28, 2012, 11:23:47 AM »
Using another solvent would likely be cheaper and easier than running it neat. Are you saying that it isn't possible to use my first pick? There is only a difference in b.p. of about 5 degrees so I was hoping it might still be ok if I used a slight excess of reactant (1.2:1 vs 1:1, say). If it won't work I will just use a lower-boiling solvent.

Offline discodermolide

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Re: Question about choosing a solvent
« Reply #3 on: July 28, 2012, 11:27:18 AM »
Using another solvent would likely be cheaper and easier than running it neat. Are you saying that it isn't possible to use my first pick? There is only a difference in b.p. of about 5 degrees so I was hoping it might still be ok if I used a slight excess of reactant (1.2:1 vs 1:1, say). If it won't work I will just use a lower-boiling solvent.

Your first pick will work ok. It was just a suggestion.
Using a lower boiling solvent won't help, you will not achieve the desired temperature.
Stick with your original choice.
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Offline AWK

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Offline fledarmus

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Re: Question about choosing a solvent
« Reply #5 on: July 30, 2012, 09:58:26 AM »
What is the reaction rate of your mixture at a lower temperature? As a rule of thumb (or perhaps better expressed as a rough first approximation), reaction rate doubles with every 10° increase in temperature. If you don't mind a slightly slower reaction, just go with a lower temperature.

Reflux temperatures were essential before the days of digital temperature control, but are almost superfluous now.

Another possibility is to run your reaction in a sealed flask. It takes some specialty glassware, but you don't have to worry about boiling off your reagents.

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