With respect to problem 1, it seems as if you must differentiate between the main chain atoms and the side chain atoms. This is quite straightforward. The main chain atoms are common to all amino acid residues, whereas the side chain atom are not.
With respect to problem 2, it might be that you are supposed to read the information from the picture, but this almost seems too easy. My suggest is that you provide your answer, and we can go from there.